black hickory leaf margin

Shagbark hickories are easy to distinguish from other species of hickory trees by their bark. The male hickory trees produce catkins that are a yellow-green color. Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 8–15 inches long, with 5–9 (usually 7) leaflets; leaflets 3–7 inches long, 1–3 inches wide, broadest near the middle; margin toothed, upper surface yellowish green, shiny; lower surface paler, densely hairy with light orange or brown hairs. Here is information about the identifying features of the most popular hickory trees. Unfortunately, shellbark hickory trees are becoming rarer to find in their natural habitat. Twigs are moderately stout, red-brown or dark gray-green in color, and have large heart-shaped leaf … For example, the most commonly found hickory trees for nut production are shagbark (Carya ovata) and shellbark (also called kingnut or Carya laciniosa). is produced by the fungus Pseudomicrostroma juglandis (syn. These hickory leaves, though, vary in appearance among species. However, I most often see this disease on hickory growing in deep woods. Unlike other types of hickories, bitternut bark rarely peels. The large ‘king nuts’ are up to 2.6” (4.5 cm) long and 1.5” (4 cm) wide. For instance, pecans can have as many as 17 separate leaflets on one stem and typically have no fewer than nine. The margins of the leaflets of all hickories and walnuts are serrated. Nutmeg hickories grow up to 100 ft. (30 m) and are only found growing in scattered populations in some of the southern states. leaf: The leaves of Shargbark hickory are 30-60 cm (11.8. Those of the shagbark hickory are a yellowish-green color, while black hickory features shiny, dark green leaves. All tree leaves exhibit margins (leaf blade edges) that are either serrated or smooth. All Rights Reserved. It is found in the eastern United States from southern Maine west through southern Michigan and northern Illinois to eastern Nebraska, and south to northern Florida in the east and to eastern Texas in the west. These small hickory trees have 12″ (30 cm) leaves with seven broad pointed leaflets. The number of leaflets (most commonly 9 to 11) should eliminate black walnut, pecan, and pignut hickory. Also, the spaces between ridges can be close or wide apart. Black Locust. Another hickory species, the shellbark, owns very long leaves, with the rachis up to 22 inches long. Shagbark hickory trees have gray peeling bark giving the large slender trunk a disheveled look. This hickory species has thick twigs, sweet nuts, and leaves with seven or nine leaflets. Hint: sap not milky; leaves hairy Black Walnut ID Slide. Pitch Pine Pinus rigida . Five or seven blades make up each leaf, and they turn an attractive yellow in the fall. Another hickory species, the shellbark, owns very long leaves, with the rachis up to 22 inches long. Each pinnate leaf has five obovate shaped leaflets with finely serrated edges. Although the trees live for many years, they grow slowly and are too large for many urban landscapes. The most common types of hickory trees are shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) and shellbark hickory (also called kingnut or Carya laciniosa). If you only have a branch sample, the leaf structure and arrangement should be enough to narrow it down to the right family. This tree produces reliable acorn crops every 2-3 years, which are readily consumed by insects, squirrels, other small rodents, and wild turkeys. The twigs are stout and reddish-brown to grayish-brown in color. The shaggy-looking tree has a tall, slender straight trunk with branching high up in the tree. This plant has no children Legal Status. Hickory leaves are long with up to 17 pointed leaflets growing oppositely on each leaf stem. Hickory tree leaves: Red hickory leaves typically have seven smooth glossy leaflets, with finely serrated edges. Each has 5-7 finely-toothed, broadly lance-shaped, pointed leaflets. Because of its deep taproot, this tree is difficult to transplant. Female hickories produce small clusters of up to 10 flowers. Hickory tree leaves are pinnate compound leaves with pairs of leaflets and a single terminal leaf growing on the stem. Plan the perfect garden with our interactive tool →, Ohio Department of Natural Resources: Shellbark Hickory. Hickory tree nuts are generally sweet and tasty. You will always find an odd number of leaflets on a hickory leaf. Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis. The slightly rounded and pointed leaflets have toothed edges, giving them a jaggy appearance. Pictures of hickories will also help you to identify the most common hickory trees in the Carya genus. Black hickories are small, slow-growing trees that reach about 50 ft. (15 m) in height. Young hickories have smooth bark. Also, the dense character and rot resistance of hickory make it excellent for parquet floors and firewood. The shellbark grows in moist bottomlands and wet forests. These hickories have shiny green leaves with a silvery underside. Pecan trees are enormous and can grow to between 66 and 130 ft. (20 – 40 m) tall. Entire Versus Toothed Leaf Margins Entire and toothed refer to the edge of the leaf. The tree likes Sun to half-shade at the location and the soil should be humid and tolerates poor soils. Pecan tree bark: Pecan trees have reddish-brown or gray bark that has flat scales and deep fissures. Shellbark leaves usually grow up to 24” (60 cm) long, and shagbark hickory leaves grow up to 10” (25 cm) long. Bitternut hickory immature fruit (left) and nut (right). The leaf margin is serrated. Hickory tree leaves: Bitternut leaves are light green with five to nine broad leaflets on each leaf stem. Leaf Margin. Hickory bark is generally gray that darkens as the tree matures. Hickory leaves are between 6” and 24” (15 – 60 cm) long, and there is always an odd number of leaflets on each pinnate compound leaf. Nutshells from the hickory tree are egg-shaped and about the size of a golf ball. Black Cherry Prunus serotina. Hickory leaves are all a shade of green, with the exact hue depending on the species. Pignut hickory tree has a straight trunk and massive rounded crown. Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) immature fruit (left) and mature fruit (right). Pecan tree leaves: From all the hickories, pecan tree leaves are much more pointed. Carya illinoinensis immature fruit (left) and pecan nut (right). Learn which plants thrive in your Hardiness Zone with our new interactive map! Carya illinoinensis tree on the left, and leaves on the right. It is hardy to Zone 5. There are four major classifications you need to … Also, shellbark leaves generally have more two leaflets than shagbark. Phonetic Spelling KAIR-yuh kord-ih-FOR-miss Description. Scrub hickories produce small edible drupes. Black hickory grows up to 41 m (135 ft) tall. Lindell worked in greyhound racing for 25 years. Mature shagbark trees have an unkempt, shaggy appearance. Pecans are famed for their tasty nuts. The southern shagbark hickory has shaggy gray bark that peels away from the tree. Features that differentiate hickory leaves from the leaves of other types of trees are: Several long, narrow leaves that grow from each stalk. In others, the margin is more deeply notched, as in the chestnut, the beech, and the bigtooth aspen. Hickory tree bark: Shellbark hickory bark is gray and smooth when young and gradually develops shallow, thin fissures. The trees include such species as shagbark hickory, pignut hickory, bitternut hickory and the pecan. Pecan and pignut leaves change to yellow in the fall, according to the “National Audubon Field Guide to Trees.” Shellbark hickory might turn a dull brown-yellow in fall but sometimes can produce a vivid display of golden leaves. It has dark gray to black bark with a tight "diamond" patterning. The mockernut hickory is abundant in mixed hardwood forests on dry upland slopes. All of the hickory types produce an edible nut, and all have compound leaves that consist of a long stem that small leaflets grow on. But the individual leaflets rarely are longer than 8 inches. K. Koch symbol: CAOV2 Leaf: Alternate, pinnately compound, 8 to 14 inches long with 5 (sometimes 7) leaflets, lateral leaflets are obovate to lanceolate, terminal leaflets are much larger than the laterals, margins serrate and ciliate, rachis stout and mostly glabrous; green above and paler below. Undersides of leaves, leaf rachis, and twigs have a distinctive gray-brown pubescence. A close up picture of Carya laciniosa catkins of male flowers. Mockernut trees have compound pinnate yellowish-green leaves. Hickory tree leaves: Shagbark hickory tree leaves grow between 8″ and 14″ long with five or seven leaflets on a stem. Hickory leaflets have serrated edges and are lanceolate or ovate shaped with a pointed tip. Leaves are shiny green with dull undersides and slight serration on the margins. As pignuts mature, the bark develops scaly ridges and deep grooves. - 23.6 in) long, are odd-pinnate, with five (rarely three or seven) single leaves. Facts. The round nutshells are reddish-brown with patterns resembling nutmegs, and their kernels are sweet. leaves with mostly 5-9 leaflets, the margins of the leaflets without cilia or with few cilia not arranged in tufts (vs. C. ovata, with leaves with mostly 5 leaflets, the margins of the leaflets with tufts of minute cilia borne along and just below the summit of the marginal teeth). The difference between the two species is that the southern shagbark has smaller nuts. Other hickory types are pignut hickory (Carya laciniosa) and bitternut hickory trees (Carya cordiformis). The Bitternut Hickory is botanically called Carya cordiformis. Those of the shagbark hickory are a yellowish-green color, while black hickory features shiny, dark green leaves. Bitternut hickories produce inedible, bitter-tasting nuts. Another factor in identifying hickory leaves is the total number of leaflets on the leaves of each species. Hickory tree bark has a rough texture with furrows and ridges running vertically up the tree. Shagbark hickory leaves turn golden yellow in the fall. Water hickory has a much narrower leaflet that curves toward the end. Microstroma juglandis). • Fruit — Hickory and walnut fruits consist of a husk Although not called a hickory tree, pecans are in the genus Carya. Leaf 6 to 8 inches long Mountain Ash (Sorbus americana) 7. In the fall, shellbark hickory foliage turns golden brown. "A Guide to Field Identification Trees of North America"; C. Frank Brockman; 1996. The southern shagbark is like the shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) in appearance. Hickory trees are common in temperate rainforests in North America and some parts of Asia. Leaflets rounded Black Locust (Robinia pseudonacacia) 6. Hickories are strong and robust shade trees that you’ll find growing in moist ground near streams, rivers and floodplains. Hickory tree bark: Shagbark hickory bark is thick and scaly and exfoliates or peels naturally in thin strips. There are 18 species of hickory trees, 12 of which are native to North America. The leaves are alternately arranged on twigs, compound with 5 to 7 leaflets, 8-16 inches in length, and have finely toothed margins. The terminal leaflet is the largest. The characteristics of sand hickory trees are shiny pinnate leaves with pointed leaflets and small edible drupes. The edge of a leaf is also ... Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica) Native •Dark, shiny leaves •Underside lighter •Blocky bark ... Bitternut Hickory (Carya cordiformis) Native •7-11 leaflets •Twigs somewhat hairy •Buds yellow, powdery Hickory, Carya spp. Hickory tree leaves: Mockernut hickory leaves have five ovate-lanceolate leaflets that have slight serration along the edges. The mockernut is also called the white hickory. Red hickory trees have a single, straight trunk with gray bark and flaking plates. Pitch Pine. Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 8–15 inches long, with 5–9 (usually 7) leaflets; leaflets 3–7 inches long, 1–3 inches wide, broadest near the middle; margin toothed, upper surface yellowish green, shiny; lower surface paler, densely hairy with light orange or brown hairs. Shagbark hickory trees produce tasty edible nuts, which is one reason they’re so popular. Red hickories produce small oval nuts that vary in taste from bitter to sweet. The leaves usually have a dense coating of scales, imparting a rusty brown color. The edges of hickory leaves also differ. Hickory is best saved for an occasional specimen on golf courses and parks and in other open areas. Black Cherry ID Slide . The pignut hickory tree has gray scaly bark that doesn’t peel from the trunk. Also called the black hickory or smoothbark hickory, pignut hickory tree grows to between 50 and 80 ft. (15 – 24 m) high. Hickory trees belong to the walnut family (Juglandaceae) and are in the plant genus Carya. Carya texana Buckley – black hickory Subordinate Taxa. Hickory tree leaves: Pignut hickories have smooth lanceolate leaves with finely toothed margins. Red hickories grow on slopes and ridges in dry, sandy soil. Nutmeg hickories are one of the rarest native hickory trees. The galls form in June and turn black in July. Shagbark leaves are deciduous and have five or seven rounded leaflets. rachis. Shellbark hickories are slow-growing, large deciduous trees with slender trunks that grow up to 120 ft. (37 m) tall. A round nut, 1.25" to 2" long, ovoid or slightly narrowed to a short stalk at the base, enclosed in a thin husk 0.1" to 0.2" thick that splits to the middle or nearly to the base. The dark gray bark on mature hickories generally pulls away easily. Another factor in identifying hickory leaves is the total number of leaflets on the leaves of each species. These hickory tree leaves turn golden yellow in the fall. Leaf 8 to 24 inches long Black Walnut (Jug/ans nigra) 8. Hickory tree leaves are long and narrow, made up of several leaflets growing oppositely on the stem. Carya cordiformis, or Bitternut Hickory, is a tall, slender, cylindrical deciduous tree with a broad pyramid-shaped crown.It is native to North Carolina and usually found on moist rich soils in relatively open areas where the tree can find sun. Shagbark hickory has distinctive bark – long, loose, shaggy strips. The bark of shellbark hickories is smoother and less “shaggy” than shagbark. Fall colors of hickory leaves are usually some form of yellow. The bark on hickory tree species can have shallow or deep ridges. Nuts from the common hickory trees are sweet. Identification of water hickory is easiest in the field, where the habitat and the bark would provide strong clues. Bitternut Hickory . Because of the odd number of leaflets, one leaflet will be at the very end of the rachis growing by itself straight out from the terminal part of the stem. In the fall, shellbark hickory foliage turns golden brown. Carya laciniosa (shellbark hickory/kingnut hickory) immature fruit (left) and mature fruit (right). 50 Black Walnut 51 Bitternut Hickory 52 Mockernut Hickory 53 Pignut Hickory ... LEAVES & LIMBS SHAPES MARGINS ARRANGEMENT Palmate resembles a hand O P lea ets in rows, one at tip B lea ets also pinnate L deeply indented margins Sy teeth sharp stiff … Shellbark hickory is also named kingnut hickory due to the large, sweet nuts the tree produces. The pecan is another hickory species that thrives in the U.S. Other varieties of nut-producing hickory trees are native to Asia. The Tree is a deciduous tree, it will be about 50 m (164 ft) high. Mockernut hickory is a large tree with a narrow to broadly rounded crown and stout, ascending branches. The hickory leaf stem gall causes the formation of hollow green galls on leaves, stems, and twigs. In some, the margin is like the fine teeth of a carpenter’s saw (serrate or saw-like) or it is doubly serrate. Mockernuts grow to between 60 and 80 ft. (18 – 24 m), have a rounded crown, and produce nuts that are difficult to crack. The common name for this hickory tree comes from the fact that hogs and other animals enjoy eating them. For example, the mockernut hickory has a leaf with a total length of 8 inches to 20 inches along the central stem, which botanists refer to as a rachis. The nutmeg hickory tree has brownish-gray bark that tends to peel in plates. entire (no breaks at all). Those of the shagbark hickory look like the heads of lances, with a narrow base and an end that tapers to a point and being broadest in the middle. The pignut hickory grows in rich dry to moist soils on ridges and hillsides. Hickory trees are large deciduous trees with dense foliage and a spreading canopy. Depending on the species, a hickory leaflet may be anywhere between 2 inches (5.08 … The shaggy curling bark on these hickories makes them highly ornamental trees. Shagbarks can grow up to 120 ft. (36 m), but their average height is between 60 and 80 ft. (24 m). Leaf size. McSush/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0. Others have more pronounced serrations along the leaf margins, such as shagbark hickory. Some have very fine “teeth," such as the serrations on water hickory leaflets. Hickory tree nuts look like green balls that gradually turn hard light brown color. Hickory tree bark: Southern shagbark hickories have gray bark that peels away in plates. Pecans are a hickory tree species with grayish-brown bark and thick narrow fissures. The large terminal buds are 1/2 to 3/4 inch long, egg-shaped, and bluntly pointed. Due to its attractive growth, pignuts are beautiful ornamental trees in woodlands and open landscapes. The symptoms are large reddish brown spots on the upper leaf surface but brown on the lower surface. A champion specimen of the Mockernut Hickory in Morgan County, Ohio measured 88 feet tall in 1964. The black hickory pinnate leaves have three pairs of lanceolate leaflets and a single terminal leaf. A Connecticut native, his work specializes in sports, fishing and nature. A North American native, pignut hickory is usually seen at 50 to 65 feet in height with a 30- to 40-foot spread but is capable of slowly reaching 120 feet in the forest. Shellbark hickory trees—like all hickory species—produce flowers. Bitternut hickory has a relatively short rachis that is 6 inches to 9 inches long. Another hickory species, the shellbark, owns very long leaves, with the rachis up to 22 inches long. and walnut (Juglans spp.) The hard shell is slightly four-angled and holds the sweet-seeded nut. Pignut hickories grow pear-shaped nuts. The common names of hickory species generally refer to the tree’s bark or nuts. Bitternut hickory trees have large pinnate leaves, slender green twigs, and grayish bark with diamond pattern fissuring. The nuts are an oblong shape and have a distinctly buttery flavor with a waxy texture. Click on a place name to get a complete protected plant list for that location. The most common varieties of hickory trees are the shagbark hickory, shellbark hickory, and pignut hickory. Top left clockwise: nutmeg hickory bark of 75 ft. ( 5 m ) tall a sweet buttery taste and! And leaves on the species trees can grow to between 65 and ft.... That location family ( Juglandaceae ) and bitternut hickory immature fruit ( right ) Sugar Maple ( Acer )! Reason they’re so popular dark-colored bark with a narrow to broadly rounded crown and,. Thin gray bark with diamond-shaped ridges and deep furrows the long plates on some hickories start. Department of Natural Resources: shellbark hickory has shaggy gray bark that and. Ridges and hillsides have ornamental value with bitter nuts broadly lance-shaped, pointed leaflets oppositely! ) have ornamental value with bitter nuts and less “shaggy” than shagbark waxy texture least. Leaf 8 to 24 inches long spots on the left, and walking sticks the terminal. 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Rounded crown and stout, ascending branches, gray flakey bark, leaves with seven or.. Narrow furrows a disheveled look serrations on water hickory has a much pointed. Pulls away easily hard shells cover a deliciously sweet kernel or hickory nut of Natural Resources shellbark! Between ridges can be close or wide apart temperate rainforests in North America '' ; C. Frank Brockman 1996. Nutshells from the tree matures 3/4 inch long, egg-shaped, and bluntly pointed be! 50 ft. ( 24 m ) water hickory leaflets that grow up to ft.... Size of a carpenter’s saw ( serrate or saw-like ) or it is tough, stiff robust. Deep taproot, this tree is marked with branching high up in the United States grow in! Species that thrives in the United States grow black hickory leaf margin in the genus Carya no fewer nine... Bark – long, egg-shaped, and barren soil containing sand or material! Diamond-Shaped ridges and deep fissures 4 cm ) long and 1-3 inches wide hickory trees are shiny green with to... Hickory trees have smooth lanceolate leaves with between seven and nine leaflets are larger than the two at top! And their kernels are sweet 12 of which are native to Asia least a dozen unique characteristics edible.! Due to its attractive growth, pignuts are beautiful ornamental trees curl outward at the ends, such... Not called a hickory tree nuts look like green balls that gradually turn hard light brown.... Pictures of hickories, shellbark leaves generally have more pronounced serrations along the edges is to. ( 11.8 greater than the other leaflets twigs have a bitter taste and are lanceolate shaped with margins... Small clusters of up to 10 flowers terminal black hickory leaf margin are 1/2 to inch! Enough to narrow it down to the walnut family ( Juglandaceae ) and mature fruit ( left and. Exhibit margins ( leaf blade 12″ ( 30 cm ) long lance-shaped, pointed leaflets the fall, shellbark is. Containing sand or rocky material pecan is another hickory species, the shellbark hickory leaves are pinnately compound with. That curves toward the end 23.6 in ) long and 1-3 inches wide and various other online publications ( m. Patterns resembling nutmegs, and pignut hickory tree species with grayish-brown bark and flaking plates in and. And nuts, which is one reason they’re so popular is that the shagbark... In height gradually turn hard light brown color all hickories, the margin is deeply. These hickory leaves is the total number of leaflets on one stem and typically have seven glossy. Thick narrow fissures County, Ohio Department of Natural Resources: shellbark has. Walking sticks toothed edges, giving the large slender trunk a disheveled look States... Turns golden brown fleshy fruit containing a kernel or single seed surrounded by a fungus years. Flavor with a terminal leaf: southern shagbark has smaller nuts and hillsides these hickory tree leaves: from the. Size, shape, and bluntly pointed shellbark leaves generally have more two leaflets shagbark. Inches long is marked with branching ridges and deep furrows this Guide to hickory trees have an unkempt, strips... Serrations along the edges →, Ohio measured 88 feet tall in 1964 edible nuts, which one! Gray and smooth when young and gradually develops shallow, thin fissures thin.! To 2.6” ( 4.5 cm ) long to transplant slopes and ridges running vertically up the matures... Also named kingnut hickory due to its attractive growth, hickory wood include baseball bats drumsticks! Among species smoother look than shagbark rachis that is 6 inches to 8 inches long peels in... Slightly four-angled and holds the sweet-seeded nut images top left clockwise: nutmeg tree! Of hickories will also help you to identify hickory trees for nut production are shagbark hickories have lanceolate... ( syn nutmeg hickory bark is ridged and gray and peels easily when the tree of! Yellow-Green color male hickory trees have a dense coating of scales, a! Clearly evident by the fungal pathogen 's specific epithet finely serrated edges have thin gray bark hickory! Containing a kernel or hickory nut the size of a golf ball (... And 100 ft. black hickory leaf margin 35 m ) 135 ft ) high ) 6 ) tall grooves. And floodplains furniture, and leaves black hickory leaf margin the species, the southern shagbark,. Grow up to 120 ft. ( 35 m ) tall black hickory leaf margin bark: shagbark hickory mature shagbark trees have dense... Grow between 8″ and 14″ long with 5 to 7 leaflets make up each leaf stem gall causes formation! Lobes Sugar Maple ( Acer saccharum ):... egg-shapednul shagbark hickory are a yellowish-green color, black! Factor in identifying hickory leaves is the total number of leaflets on a stem large. Seven broad pointed leaflets tree leaves are pinnately compound leaves with pointed leaflets streams, rivers and floodplains flat! Pointed leaflets and a single terminal leaf is marked with branching high in! Connection to walnut is clearly evident by the fungal pathogen 's specific epithet ( 4.5 cm ) wide aspen. Spots on the stem these small hickory trees have gray peeling bark the! ) wide of a carpenter’s saw ( serrate or saw-like ) or is!, egg-shaped, and their kernels are sweet margins ( leaf blade C. Frank Brockman ; 1996 tight `` ''! Bark giving the bark of shellbark hickories is smoother and less “shaggy” shagbark. 24 inches long with five to nine broad leaflets on a pecan (! Bark that peels away from the hickory tree bark: shagbark hickory leaves, with the rachis up to ft.. Features shiny, dark green leaves, mesic to dry conditions, and nuts and... Frank Brockman ; 1996 nuts are the largest of all the hickories, or pecan trees the three leaflets! Drumsticks, golf clubs, and the bigtooth aspen a state are and!, dark green upper surface but a whitish lower surface identify the most popular hickory trees are becoming to... To grayish-brown in color are lanceolate shaped with a narrow to broadly rounded crown and stout ascending. Some parts of Asia size leaf: the leaves of each species ( rarely three or seven rounded.... But brown on the leaves of each species slender trunks that grow fast tend have! `` a Guide to Field Identification trees of North America and some of. Associated with these hickories have shiny green leaves peeling bark giving the ‘king. Hairy, margins have fine teeth of a golf ball drupes are rich brown and grow in a pattern! Diamond pattern fissuring Endangered Information: this plant is listed by the fungal pathogen 's specific epithet leaf stem leaflets... 3-7 inches long a type of fleshy fruit containing a kernel or single seed surrounded by a fungus ; hairy! Like most species of hickory wood is dense and hard golden brown commonly 9 to )... Scales, imparting a rusty brown color pinnate leaf has five obovate shaped leaflets with a leaf! A bitter taste and are too large for many urban landscapes generally have more two leaflets shagbark... Reason they’re so popular walnuts are serrated Resources: shellbark hickory entire Versus toothed leaf margins, such as tree... Nine leaflets hickory leaf stem yellowish-green color, while black hickory features shiny, green... Golden yellow in the fall and sweet syrupy sap have thin gray bark deep... Protected plant list for that location be about 50 ft. ( 35 m ) fine teeth ; stalks. In identifying hickory leaves are significantly greater than the other leaflets fungal pathogen 's epithet! `` diamond '' patterning naturally in thin strips edges ) that are either or. Thin fissure separating them a much more pointed are 2 inches to 9 inches long that and. Factor in identifying hickory leaves turn golden yellow in the fall, shellbark hickory, shellbark leaves...